编辑“︁C 语言多线程调试”︁（章节）

== 实际案例：生产者-消费者问题 ==
经典同步问题，演示如何调试线程同步问题：

<syntaxhighlight lang="c">
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define BUFFER_SIZE 10

int buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
int count = 0;
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t cond_producer = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t cond_consumer = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;

void* producer(void* arg) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        while (count == BUFFER_SIZE) {
            pthread_cond_wait(&cond_producer, &mutex);
        }
        buffer[count++] = i;
        printf("生产: %d\n", i);
        pthread_cond_signal(&cond_consumer);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
    }
    return NULL;
}

void* consumer(void* arg) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        while (count == 0) {
            pthread_cond_wait(&cond_consumer, &mutex);
        }
        int item = buffer[--count];
        printf("消费: %d\n", item);
        pthread_cond_signal(&cond_producer);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
    }
    return NULL;
}

int main() {
    pthread_t p, c;
    pthread_create(&p, NULL, producer, NULL);
    pthread_create(&c, NULL, consumer, NULL);
    
    pthread_join(p, NULL);
    pthread_join(c, NULL);
    
    return 0;
}
</syntaxhighlight>

'''调试技巧'''：
1. 检查缓冲区是否溢出/下溢
2. 验证生产者和消费者是否交替执行
3. 检查条件变量是否正确使用