编辑“︁Java线程通信”︁（章节）

== 基本通信机制 ==

=== wait/notify机制 ===
这是Java内建的线程通信方式，所有对象都拥有这些方法（因为定义在Object类中）。

<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
public class WaitNotifyExample {
    private static final Object lock = new Object();
    private static boolean condition = false;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread waitingThread = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                while (!condition) {
                    try {
                        System.out.println("等待线程进入等待状态");
                        lock.wait();  // 释放锁并等待
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                    }
                }
                System.out.println("等待线程被唤醒并继续执行");
            }
        });

        Thread notifyingThread = new Thread(() -> {
            synchronized (lock) {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(2000);  // 模拟工作
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                }
                condition = true;
                lock.notify();  // 唤醒等待的线程
                System.out.println("通知线程发送了通知");
            }
        });

        waitingThread.start();
        notifyingThread.start();
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>

'''输出示例：'''
<pre>
等待线程进入等待状态
(2秒后)
通知线程发送了通知
等待线程被唤醒并继续执行
</pre>

=== 使用BlockingQueue ===
Java并发包提供了线程安全的队列实现：

<syntaxhighlight lang="java">
import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

public class BlockingQueueExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BlockingQueue<String> queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(10);

        // 生产者线程
        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                String item = "数据-" + System.currentTimeMillis();
                queue.put(item);  // 如果队列满则阻塞
                System.out.println("生产: " + item);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }).start();

        // 消费者线程
        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                String item = queue.take();  // 如果队列空则阻塞
                System.out.println("消费: " + item);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
            }
        }).start();
    }
}
</syntaxhighlight>